Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics
From: Minimally invasive facet restoration implant for chronic lumbar zygapophysial pain: 1-year outcomes
Variable | Value |
|---|---|
N = 37 | |
Male gender , n (%) | 19 (51) |
Age , yr | 52 ± 13 |
Body mass index , kg/m 2 | 27 ± 5 |
Oswestry Disability Index ,% | 54 ± 13 |
Back pain severity , 0-100 scale | 77 ± 13 |
Leg pain severity , 0-100 scale | 45 ± 38 |
Facetogenic pain duration , yr | 2 (0-36) |
Facet joint osteoarthritis grade , n (%) | |
-1 | 10 (27) |
-2 | 25 (68) |
-3 | 1 (3) |
-4 | 1 (3) |
Previous nonsurgical treatments , n (%) | 37 (100) |
-Injection, n | 37 |
-Medication, n | 32 |
-Physical therapy, n | 28 |
-Exercise, n | 23 |
-Chiropractic, n | 9 |
Previous back surgeries , n (%) | 25 (68) |
-Fusion, n | 9 |
-Discectomy, n | 7 |
-Total disc replacement, n | 7 |
-Facet procedure, n | 6 |
-Disc nucleoplasty, n | 2 |
-Decompression, n | 1 |
Previous back surgery location , n (%) | |
-Any level (L1 to S1) | 25 (68) |
-Index level | 17 (46) |
-Adjacent level | 18 (49) |